An institution is shaped by its leaders, and in the best of circumstances their influence moves that institution toward greater achievements and strengthens its foundation. But in more challenging circumstances, good leaders can become great leaders. Each of APL’s directors came at a critical time for the Laboratory, and history shows that when they stepped down, Johns Hopkins wisely chose the right person for the next era of challenges. Each director took his predecessor’s accomplishments and made APL an increasingly formidable division of the university. Each has made an indelible mark on APL and its national security mission.